Dust collector



Dec. 19, 22, 1,439,412

' G. HALLIDAY.

DUST COLLECTOR. V v FILED APR. 19, 1919.

INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 19,1922. 1 i r 1,439,412"

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' Applicationfiled April 19, 1919. Serial No. 291,331.

T ll ho it may conqwn; of the frame is susceptible of considerable Be it known that I, Gnoncn IIALLIDAY, a variation without affecting its function, no citizen of the United States, residing at detailed description of the frame need be Tacoma, in the county of Pierce and State of given.

Washington, have invented a new and use Mounted on the frame 1 is an exhaust fan 55 ful Dust Collector, of which the following or blower 2 from which there leads a spout i ifi ti curving upwardly to an outlet end 4, which This invention has reference to dust collattermay be about upright, while the end lectors, and its object is to separate dust from of the spout connected to the casing of the the exhaust stream of air in grain cleanexhaust fan is about horizontal; The spout 6O ing and other machinery where dust-laden Includes a curved portion 5 connectingthc i i t d; horizontal or tangential part of the spout In accordance with the invention a stream withthe' upright portion thereof. It has of dust-laden air is, directed in a curved path been found that the radius of curvature of away-from'the exhaust fan of the machinery the outer wall of the spout, indicated at 6 and the dust, which is thereby directed toin the drawing, should be twice that of the ward the outer or convert portion of the fan discharging througli'it. stream, is skimmed off from the mainstream Where the curved portion of the spout and is deflected into a settling chamber merges into the upright portion thereof the 20 where it is subjected to pulsations which :wa-ll 6 has an opening 7 therethrough'leadhave the effect of causing rapid and effecing into a settling chamber 8 having-an tive separation of the dust from the air,\ upper wall. 9 of semi-circular outline mergth b t l removing th d t idl ing lntoa slanting wall 10 directed downfroni the air but causing such separation to wardly toward ano h upright, Wall 11,

25 be particularly eflicient and thorough. "dropping from the wall 6 about midway of The invention will be best understood its'length, the wall 10 approaching the wall from a consideration of the following de- 11 at the lower end. The settling chamber tailed description taken in connection with has side walls 12 and these side walls in th m yin drawing forming part of conjunction with the wall 11 and the wall 10 30 this specification, with the understanding, approaching it at the lower end form a short however, that the invention is not confined duct 13 leading into a cylindrical casing 14: to any strict conformity with the showing of in which there is located a circular series the drawing, but may be changed and modiof blades 15 mounted on a shaft 16 concenfied so long as such. changes and modificatrio to the cylindrical wall of the casing 14.

35 tions mark no material departure from the The duct 13 is upright and the casing 1 1- has salient features of the invention as expressed an outlet duct 17 displaced from the duct 13 i in the appended claims. by about The casing 14 has another In the drawing there is shown, partly in outlet duct 18 located beneath the duct 13 so elevation and partly in section, a structure that it is about 90 distant from the outlet 40 embodying the invention and capable I of 17. Leading from the outlet duct 18 is an 90 carrying out the method of separatingdust expansion 19 thereof containing two valves from dust-laden air. 20 and 21 in tandem arrangement to the flow Referring to the drawing there is shown of material from the duct 18, through the a frame 1 which may be of any suitable duct. expansion 19, which latter has at its 45 conformation andbuilt of upright and cross lower end an outlet opening 22. Each valve timbers, or of other construction, to sup- 20 and 21 is provided with an arm 23 with portcertain parts of the machine. This which there engages a cam'2 l on a shaft 25, frame may be complete in itself or form whereby, by rotating the'cain 2 1, the valves part of a more comprehensive machine, as '20 and 21 may be made to open and close 50 occasion may demand, and as the structure inalternation, that is, whenthe valve 20' another pulley on the shaft 16.

is closed the valve 21 is open and when the valve 20 is open the vale 21 is closed.

The opening 7 is provided with a valve or board 26 pivoted within the spout at the upper edge of the opening 7 and of a length in the direction of the spout to bring the lower edge of the board toward and from the lower edge of the opening 7. The board 26 tapers in thickness from the upper pivoted edge toward the lower edge, indicated at 27, where it is quite thin. The board 26 is designed to cleave a stream of air driven by the blower 2 through the spout 3 sothat that portion of the stream of air flowing through the spout along the wall 6 will be diverted through the opening 7 into the settling chamher 8 to travel along the curved surface of the wall 9. Since the purpose of the valve or board 26 is to divert or skim off a portion of the air stream flowing through the spout 3, the board or valve is termed a skimmer. The position of the board 26 with relation to the opening 7 is determined by a rod 28 connected at one end to the board and at the other end passing through the opposite side of the spout and through a guide 29 outside of the spout, the rod 28 being screw-threaded, as shown at 30, and

provided with nuts 31 on opposite sides of l the guide, so that the degree of opening or the valve 26 may be determined and the valve held in the adjusted position.

Leading from the center of the upper curved portion ofthe settling chamber 8 a pipe 32 opening into the eye of the fan 2, such eye being indicated at and the pipe is provided with a valve 34 by means of which communication between the settling chamber 8 and the fan 2 may be varied.

The rotor of the fan 2 is mounted on a shaft 35 driven by any suitable source of power and on the shaft 35 is a pulley'36 communicating by means of a belt 37 with The shafts 16 and 25 are connected by a belt 39 engaging pulleys a0 and 41 on the respective shafts.

The dust-laden air drawn from the grain cleaning or other machine, is-driven by the fan 2 into and through the spout 3 and the particles of dust carried by the stream. of air are caused, by gravity and centrifugal force, to hug the curved wall 6, the heavier particles of dust being closer to the wall than the lighter particles. By suitably adjusting the valve or skimmer 26 as much or little of the dust-laden air, as desired, is diverted into the settling chamberS, following the wall 9 in its curvature and finally reaching the wall 10 down which the dust will flow to the spout 13.. If only the coarsest particles of dust are to he collected. the skimmer is set with but a slight opening into the chamber 8. If finer dust or even the finest dust is to be collected the skimmer is opened accordingly, the greater opening collecting the liner dust. The operator has, therefore, entire control of the kind of dust it is desired to collect.

The dust collecting chamber 8 isrendered particularly eiiicient because pulsations are set up in the therein due to the presence of thecasing 1% which serves the purpose of a pulsator. The blades 15 fit the casing closely thereby constituting between them a circular series of rapidly rotating pockets taking air from the settling chamber 8 into whichthe air is compressed by the fan 2. The air in each pocket is carried toward the outlet 18 where the pressure is relieved and the dust falls into the continuation 19 of the duct 18 always finding a closed valve 20 or 21 as the case may be. Since the valves move in alternation the dust flowing along the wall 10 by gravity and entering the pockets between the blades 15 finds escape through the passage or duct 18 onto one or the other of the valves to ultimately escape throughthe opening 22. The air, however, cannot escape since there is always a valve 20 or 21 in its way and so the air is in measure still compressed when a pocket reaches the outlet 17. Each pocket on leaving the opening 17 contains air at atmospheric or less pressure while the settling chamber 8 has in it air at more than atmospheric pressure due to the air received from the exhaust fan 2 which delivers the dustladen air into the spout 3 under superat vmospheric pressure. The air in the settling chamber 8 is under superatinospheric pressure while the pulsator represented by the casing A. is continuously presenting a series of pockets with air at or below atmospheric pressure to the lower end of the settling chamber. For this reason there is set up in the settling chamber a rapid succession of impulses which has been found. in practice,

to greatly facilitate the settling action,

wherefore, the deposition of the dust in the air entering the settling chamber far more rapid than occurs in settling chambers where whirling or centrifugal action alone isrelied upon.

The air passing through the spout 3 has the air and dust more or less Stratified, with the dust in the form of a thin and dense mass closely huggingthe concavely curved wall 6. The mass of dust hugging the wall 6 is held thereagainst by centrifugal action due to the upward curvature of the spout and the speed of travel'of the air. The skimmer, being in the direct line of travel of the condensed mass of dust, collects and directs the dust. and separates the major portion thereof from the stream of air which is thereby cleaned to the corresponding extent. The settling richer in dust than the stream first discharged into the spout 3,.

stream of air in the settling chamber has slowed up it ispractically tree from suspended dust, the separation being greatly facilitated by the pulsations established in the settling chamber by the pulsator T he dust leaves the settling chamber by way of the passagel3 to be carried in the poohets between theblades 15 and dropped intothe passage 18 from whichv the accumulated dustescapes through the enlargement 19 and opening 22 without material loss or" air or air pressure, due to the valves 20 and 21, while what air passes through the pulsator to the opening 17 iszpraotically free from dust.

YVhere the skimmer admits air to the settling chamber there is a constant ian pressure and were it not for the pulsator this fan pressure would remain constant within the chamber 8. By alternately and rapidly opening and closing the outlet from the settling chamber the discharge of air is variable, that is, the air in the settling chann her is alternately compressed and expanded. This has been found to be a remarkably e1":- fioient device for collecting dust, is inexpensive to construct and takes but a small spa e, compared with other dust collectors.

What is claimed is':-- I

1. A dust collector provided with a, duct having'an upward curve for conveying a stream of dust-laden air and changing'its course to segregate the dust on the upwardly directed concave side of the'duct, means for leading the segregated dust from the duct, and a downwardly directed dust-collecting chamber into and throughwhich the segregated dust is caused to flow in a downward direction, said collector having means associated therewith at its lowerend for set ting up pulsations of air in the collector during the passage of dust therethrough.

2. A dust collector provided with means for propelling dust-laden air into and through the collector, an arc-shaped duct or spout leading upwardly from one end where it is connected to the propelling means to an exit at the other end, said duct being disposed so as to tend to segregate the dust on the uprising concave side of said spout,

a settling chamber for air rich in dust hav ing communication with the concave side ot the spout adjacent to the terminal part of the uprising concave portion of the spout, and means for diverting that portion of the air stream rich in dust into the settling chamber. r

3. A dust collector comprising means to propelling av stream of dust-laden air, an

arc-shaped upwardly directed duct leadingtherei rom for causing a segregation oi the dust on the uprising concave side of the duct, a settling chamber at one side ot and communlcating with the. duct through a port or opening in the duct, the duct discharging its substantially dust-free air vertically at a point above said port, a valve or closure for the opening having that part of the valve toward the oncoming stream of air downwardly directed, and means for moving the valve into the duct to, serve as a skimmer tor diverting that portion olf the stream of air rich in dust into the settling chamber.

42. A dust collector comprising a duct for conveying a stream .of dust-laden air and havingmea'ns for segregating the dust on one side of the duct, a settling chamber connected to the side of the duct on which the dust is segregated, means in the duct for directing the air rich in dust, into and through the chamber, and means associated with the settling chamber for setting up pulsations therein, whereby the settling of dust is facilitated.

A dust collector comprising a duct for conveying a stream of dust laden air and having means for segregating the dust on one side of the duct,'a settling chamber connected to the side 01 the duct on which the dust is segregated, means in the duct for directing the air rich in dust, into and through the chamber, and means associated the duct, said settling chamber having a curved surface along which the air, rich in dust, is directed and the chamber having a downwardly slanting wall along which the dust may gravitate, and a pulsation causing device located at a point remote from the inlet for rich air into the settling chamber and into. which the dust is deposited and from which the dust is ultimately (lischarged. a I

7. A dust collector comprising apduct for dust-laden air having means for segregating the dust to one side or the duct and there discharging air rich in dust, a. settling chamber connected with said discharge, point of the duct, said settling chamber having a curved surface along which the air, rich in dust, is directed and the chamber having a cownwardly slanting wall along which the dust may gravitate, and a pulsation causing device located at a point remote from the entrance to the settling chamber into which the dust is deposited and from which thedustis ultimately discharged, said pulsation musing device comprising a casing with a rotary series of blades therein defining pockets into which the dust flows, said casing having an outlet in spaced relation to the inlet for dust, with the outlethaving a valve structure provided withmeans for closing the casing against free escape of air while discharging the dust.

8. A. dust collector comprising a settling chamber into wl ch dust-laden air is directed and provided with an outlet for dust,

and means for setting up impulses in the settling chamber, comprising a casing at the outlet end of the settling chamber, a rotary series'of blades in the casing, means for providing communication between the spaces between the blades and the atmosphere, and

an outlet for the casing with alternately operating valves, whereby dust may be discharged from the pockets between the blades without material escape of air.

9. A. dust collector comprising a settling chamber into which dust-laden air is directed and provided with an outlet for dust, and means for setting up impulses in the settling chamber comprising a casing at the outlet end of the settling chamber with a rotary series of blades in the casing and an outlet therefor with alternately operating valves, whereby dust may be discharged from the pockets without material escape of air therewith, said casing having an outlet to the atmosphere between the first-named outlet of the casing and the outlet of the se tling chamber,

whereby air pressure within each pocket.

when in communication with the settling chamber is reduced to atmospheric pressure before being again brought into communication with the settling chamber.

10. A dust collector comprising asettling chamber having a curved wall against which dust-laden air is initially projected and a downwardly slanting wall into which the curved wall merges and down which deposited dust can flow by gravity to an outlet, a

casing communicating with the outlet of the settling chamber and having outlets in spaced relation to each other and to the outlet of the settling chamber, one of the outlets of the casing being located below the outlet of the settling chamber, a rotary series of blades in the casing defining a correspond ing series of pockets for receiving dust from the settling chamber and conveying it to the first outlet of the casing in order, and valves in the last-named outlet opening and closing in alternation for discharging dust received from the pockets without permitting material escape of air. 11. A dust collector comprising a settling chamber having a curved wall against which dust-laden air is lnltlally prozgected and a naeamz downwardly slanting wall into which the curved wall merges and down which de'-' posited dust can flow by gravity to an'outlet, a casing communicating with the outlet of the settling chamber and having outlets in spaced relation to each other and to the outlet of the settling'chamber, one of the outlets of the casing being located below the outlet of the settling chamber, a rotary series oi blades in the casing defining a corresponding series of pockets for receiving dust from the settling chamber and conveying it to the first outlet of the casing in order, and valves in the last-named outlet opening and closing in alternation for discharging dustreceived from the pockets without permitting material escape of air, said casing having the second one of the outlets in order of rotation of the pockets communicating with the atmosphere for reducing air under pressure in the pockets to atmospheric pressure before the pockets are again brought into communication with the settling chamber.

12. In a dust collector, a settling chamber having an inlet with means for producing constant air pressure there-at,- and an outlet having means for varying air pressure thereat, whereby to set up impulses of pressure within the settling chamberto facilitate the settling of the dust in the air directed into the chamber.

13. In a dustcollector, a rotary fani or propelling dust-laden air, a spout leading therefrom in a substantially horizontal direction and then curved upwardly, whereby the dust is segregated on the concave side of the spout, a settling chamber associated with the spout and having a port communicating with the spout at the upper end of the curved portion thereof, a valve for the opening or port located within the spout and slanting downwardly into the spout to constitute a skimmer for directing air, rich in dust, into the settling chamber, and means at the outlet of the settling chamber for causing variations in air pressure to set up pulsations in the settling chamber for facilitating the settling of the dust in the settling chamber.

14;. In a dust collector, a rotary fan for propelling dust-laden air, a spout leading therefrom in a substantially horizontal direction and then curved upwardly, whereby the dust is segregated on the concave side of the spent, a settling chamber associated with the spout and having a port communicating with the *spout at the upper end of the curved portion thereof, a valve for the opening or port located within the spout and slanting downwardly into the spout to constitute. a skimmer for directing air, rich in dust, into the settling chamber, and means at the outlet of the settling chamber for causing variations in air pressure to set up pulsations in the settling chamber for facilitating the settling of the dust in the settling chamher, said pulsation causing means comprising a casing with a rotary series of blades therein defining pockets for receiving deposited dust from the settling chamber, means for discharging the dust Without allowing the air pressure to reduce, and means whereby the air pressure. in the pockets is reduced to atmospheric pressure after the discharge of the dust and before the pockets are again put into communication with the settling chamber.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aflixed my signa 'ture.

GEORGE HALLIDAY.

Witnesses:

E. F. HOWARD, Ross BIDWELL. 

